Unit 3 Computers
【导语】 万维网的出现彻底改变了世界，创造了大量的财富并从根本上改变了人们的生活方式。而它的创始人英国计算机科学家蒂姆·伯纳斯·李对于自己这一成果的现状并不满意。一起去了解一下这位“万维网之父”吧！
Most people have never heard of Tim Berners－Lee.He is not nearly as rich or famous as Marc Andreessen，who is the founder of Netscape，or Bill Gates，whose name has become a well－known word.
Berners－Lee，who works in a small office at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology，is the creator of the World Wide Web.The creation of the Web is so important that some people compare Berners－Lee to Johann Gutenberg，who invented printing by movable type(活字)in the fifteenth century.
Berners－Lee was born in England in 1955.His parents，who helped design the world's first commercially available computer，gave him a great love of mathematics and learning.
In 1980，Berners－Lee went to work at CERN，a physics laboratory in Geneva，Switzerland，where he had a lot of material to learn quickly.He had a poor memory for facts and wanted to find a way to help him keep track of things
he couldn't remember.He invented a software programme that allowed him to create a document that had links to other documents.He continued to develop his idea through the 1980s.He wanted to find a way to connect the knowledge and creativity of people all over the world.
In 1991，his project became known as the World Wide Web.The number of Internet users started to grow quickly.However，Berners－Lee is not completely happy with the way the Web has developed.He thinks it has become a passive tool for so many people，not the tool for creativity that he had imagined.
【词海拾贝】 1．creator 2．commercially
n．创造者 adv.商业地
3．track 4．software 5．passive 【问题思考】
阅读短文，判断正(T)误(F)。
n．轨道 n．软件
adj.被动的；消极的
1．Tim Berners－Lee is the founder of Netscape.( )
2．Tim Berners－Lee was an Englishman and got a lot of help from his parents.( )
3．The World Wide Web became famous but has not been deve－loped perfectly.( ) 答案：1.F 2.T 3.T
(对应学生用书P27)
Ⅰ.将单词与其正确释义配对 1．calculate 2．universal 3．simplify 4．logical 5．technology 6．artificial 7．intelligent 8．solve 9．reality 10．totally 11．application 12．explore
A．简化
B．完全地；整个地 C．普遍的；通用的；宇宙的 D．真实；事实；现实 E．人造的；假的 F．探索；探测；探究 G．解决；解答 H．工艺；科技；技术 I．合逻辑的；合情理的 J．计算
K．智能的；聪明的 L．应用；用途；申请
答案：1.J 2.C 3.A 4.I 5.H 6.E 7.K 8.G 9.D 10.B 11.L 12.F Ⅱ.根据所给汉语提示写出单词
1．________n．目标；目的；球门；(进球)得分 2．________v．&n.发信号；信号 3．________v．&n.类型；打字 4．________vi.出现；发生 5．________adj.电子的
答案：1.goal 2.signal 3.type 4.arise 5.electronic Ⅲ.根据英语释义写出单词
1．________：complete change in ways of thinking，working，etc 2．________： connected computer system 3．________： anyway
4．________： able to be moved easily from place to place 5．________： activity of managing money
答案：1.revolution 2.network 3.anyhow 4.mobile 5.finance Ⅳ.选用短语的适当形式完成句子
from then on；as a result；so...that；go by；in a way；in common；compare...with；with the help of；watch over；deal with 1．Hardly a day ________ when I don't think about her. 2．________ with many mothers，she feels torn between her family and her work. 3．We were separated after the film，and ________，I never saw her again. 4．________ our small apartment，our uncle's house seemed like a palace. 5．________，it was one of our biggest mistakes.
6．She is used to ________ all kinds of people in her job. 7．The construction work has to stop ________ of the heavy rain. 8．All the villagers were moved to safety ________ the PLA men. 9．They took turns to ________ the children.
10．________ fat was he ________ he couldn't go through the door. 答案：1.goes by 2.In common 3.from then on
4．Compared with 5.In a way 6.dealing with 7.as a result 8.with the help of 9.watch over 10.So that
课文表层理解
Ⅰ.判断正(T)误(F)
1．Although the computer was programmed by an operator who used cards with holes，it could not “think” logically.( )
2．First as a laptop and then as a PC，the computer has been used in offices and homes since the 1970s.( )
3．The computers' memory was first stored on transistors，then in tubes and later on very small chips.( )
4．Since the 1970s many new applications have been found for the computer.( )
5．The use of the computer is to provide humans with a life of high quality.( ) 答案：1.F 2.F 3.F 4.T 5.T Ⅱ.读课文，回答问题
1．In what order is this passage arranged？(within 2 words) In the order of ________．
答案：time
2．Who is the speaker “I” in the passage? (within 2 words) _______________________________________________________ 答案：A computer.
3．How do you think this article is written in the first person？(within 20 words) _______________________________________________________
答案：It can make the article more effective to understand and attract the readers.
4．Fill in the blank with the words from the second paragraph.(within 5 words) The computer's shape was greatly changed ________ the memory stored in smaller and smaller space.
答案：as a result of
5．Why do “I” feel very happy now according to the last para－graph？(within 15 words)
_______________________________________________________
答案：Because “I” am a helper and devoted friend of the human race. Ⅲ.读课文完成表格
