毕 业 设 计 [论 文]
题目：
GPS-RTK在山区 测量中的研究
测绘与城市空间信息系
测绘工程
系 别： 专 业： 姓 名： 学 号： 指导教师：
2012年5月16
河南城建学院毕业设计（论文） 摘要
摘 要
随着计算机技术以及数字测图仪器的不断发展与创新，测绘方法也相应的发生了很大的变化。GPS实时载波相位差分技术（RTK）就是不断发展起来的测绘方法之一，其有着实时、高效、受限小等优势，因此在施工放样、地形碎部测量以及图根控制测量等多个领域均得到了广泛的应用。本文就针对RTK在山区测绘工程中的具体应用展开讨论。
本文对单基站CORS系统的建设和应用进行了探讨，表明单基站CORS系统完全可以胜任中小区域中的一般测量工作。其作业的有效范围广，在保证测量精度的前提下，提高了作业效率，降低了劳动强度和生产成本。针对山区常规测量方法耗时、费力、周期长的缺点,在山区放样测量GPS-RTK测量技术对于控制网的布设、联测、解算，施工放样等实际操作有着卓越的优点。
关键词：山区测绘工程，常规RTK，网络RTK
I
河南城建学院毕业设计（论文） Abstract
Abstract
Along with the computer technology and digital mapping apparatus for the continuous development and innovation of Surveying and mapping method,
corresponding also produced very big change. Real time GPS carrier phase differential technique ( RTK ) is the continuous development of Surveying and mapping method, which has a real-time, efficient, restriction and other advantages, therefore the construction lofting, terrain detail survey and mapping control survey and other fields are widely used. This article aims at the RTK in the mountainous area of Surveying and Mapping Engineering in the specific application to discuss。
In this paper, the single base station CORS of system construction and application was discussed, and the show that single base station CORS system completely can be competent medium and small area of the general measurement. The operation of the effective range, in order to ensure the accuracy of measurement premise, improve the working efficiency, reduce labor intensity and the cost of production. According to conventional mountainous area measurement method, time-consuming, arduous period long weakness in the mountainous area moulding survey GPS measurement technology for the GPS-RTK control network layont, united measurement, the solution, construction lofting actual operation has the advantages of excellence.
Keyword：A mountainous area of Surveying and Mapping Engineering，convention RTK，network RTK
II
河南城建学院毕业设计（论文） 目 录
目 录
1 绪论 .............................................................. 1
1.1 本论文研究的背景意义.......................................... 1 1.2 本课题在国内外的发展现状...................................... 1 1.3 本课题的研究内容及方法........................................ 2 2 RTK的原理 ......................................................... 4
2.1 RTK的工作原理 ................................................ 4 2.2 传统RTK测量技术.............................................. 4 2.3 网络RTK技术.................................................. 6
2.3.1 基于GPRS技术的单基站系统............................... 7 2.3.2 连续运行参考站系统CORS ................................. 8
3 RTK在山区测量中的应用 ............................................ 11
3.1 RTK在山区测量的过程 ......................................... 11 3.2 RTK放样 ..................................................... 11
3.2.1 点放样................................................. 12 3.2.2 直线放样............................................... 12 3.3 山区测量中可能遇到的问题..................................... 12 4 山区测量的实例分析 ............................................... 14
4.1 坐标系统的转换............................................... 14
4.1.1 七参数转换法........................................... 15 4.1.2 四参数转换法........................................... 16 4.2 实例分析..................................................... 17
4.2.1 RTK观测要求 ........................................... 17 4.2.2 测区概况............................................... 18 4.2.3 作业过程............................................... 18
5 结 论 ........................................................ 24 参考文献 ............................................................ 25 致 谢 ........................................................... 26
III
