Unit1
一、词汇
和…玩play with sb 不再…not …any more
不同时期的交通工具transport at different times 阳光镇的变化the changes to Sunshine Town
非常了解这个地方know the place well 从那时起since then
自从2005年以来since 2005 自从去年以来since last year 自从三个星期前以来since three weeks ago 搬家move house
搬到南京move to Nanjing 搬进一座新公寓move to/ into a new flat
在…南部in the southern part of 结婚get married
和某人结婚be/ get married to sb/ marry sb 变化很大change a lot 在过去in the past 在现在at present 这些年以来over/ during the years 把…变成…turn …into… 在周末at weekends 打牌play cards
下中国象棋play Chinese chess 愉快的假期pleasant holiday
玩得很开心have a pleasant time 水污染water pollution 噪音污染noise pollution
过去经常做某事used to do sth 像以前一样经常地…as often as before
一个很严重的问题a very serious problem 采取行动做某事take action to do sth 减少污染reduce the pollution 在某种程度上in some ways 顺便问一下by the way 在去…的路上on the way to…
挡路in the way 开阔的空间/ 户外活动场所open space
不时地，偶尔from time to time 从…搬出去move out of…
事实上，实际上in fact 一处自然景点的地方a place of natural beauty
一个新的火车站a new railway station 从…借…borrow sth from sb 借给某人…/把…借给…lend sb sth= lend sth to sb 例如for example/ such as 在使用中be in use= be in service 一所小学a primary school
我也是Me, too. 独自地on one’s own= by oneself= alone
空余时间free time 有同感have the same feeling 清新的空气fresh air 良好的环境a good environment 离…远be far (away) from 离…近be close to… 给…造成许多麻烦cause many problems for…
近期照片recent photos 在近几年中in recent years …的反义词the opposite of… 有好运have good luck
把…扔掉throw sth away 一个真正的问题a real problem 感冒have a cold 患重感冒have a bad cold 受到某人的来信hear from sb= receive a letter from
乘飞机旅行travel by plane/ by air 享受阳光和沙滩enjoy the sun and the beach
二、语法
现在完成时（I）
我们用现在完成时表示从过去持续到现在的动作或状态，或已完成但对现在有一定影响的活动。
如：He has lived here since he came to Nanjing.
I have lost my mobile phone. 现在完成时常和already、ever、just、never、recently、yet等副词以及since、for引导的时间状语连用。
如：He has already taken first prize twice.
He has not returned the book to me yet. He has never visited the Great Wall. 注意：already常用于肯定句，意思是“已经”，而yet常用于否定句和疑问句，意思是“还”。 现在完成时的动词构成：have/ has + 动词的过去分词
大多数动词的过去分词变化形式同动词的过去式，可参照动词的过去式变化规则。 不规则动词的过去分词变化：
有些动词的过去分词和过去式的变化形式相同，其变化情况大致分类如下：
变化 与原形相同 在原形后加t或d 原形中的元音字母有变化 原形中的辅音字母有变化 举例 hit- hit- hit hurt- hurt- hurt learn- learnt- learnt hear- heard- heard get- got- got sit- sat- sat make- made- made spill- spilt- spilt 原形中的元音、辅音字母都有变化 feel- felt- felt smell-smelt- smelt 有些动词的过去分词和过去式的变化不同，其变化大致分类如下：
变化 与原形相同 原形中的元音字母有变化 在原形上加en 在原形上加n 在过去式上加n 举例 come- came- come run- ran- run ring- rang- rung sing- sang- sung eat- ate- eaten fall- fell- fallen see- saw- seen give- gave- given Steal- stole- stolen break- broke- broken 原形、过去式和过去分词词性差异较大 do- did- done go- went- gone
Unit 2
一、词汇
到?作一次旅行go on a trip to? 一定很有趣must be great fun
带?出去几天take ?out for a few days 把?带在身边bring sth with sb 快点；加油come on 旅游景点tourist attractions
?的象征a symbol of? 去滑雪go skiing 去远足go hiking 看美丽的风景see the beautiful view 拍照take photos 欢迎到?welcome to? 写信给?write to sb 玩得很高兴have a fantastic time 整天the whole day
乘地铁by underground 在入口处at the entrance
高速运行move at high speed 一家快餐店a fast food restaurant 对?感兴趣be interested in 下午晚些时候later in the afternoon 一天中最精彩的部分the best part of the day 向?挥手致意wave to ?
一路上all the way 买一些纪念品buy some souvenirs 在?结束时at the end of? 观看烟火watch fireworks 一共，总计in all 一次刺激的旅行an exciting trip 把某物给某人看show sth to sb 一队人a line of people 排队等候wait in line 一次有意义的经历a meaningful experience
一次真得令人高兴的假日a really delightful holiday ?的一名成员a member of? 到深圳旅游travel to Shenzhen 全年all year around
在即将到来的假日in the coming holiday 依次/轮流做某事take turns to do sth 计划出国旅游plan to travel abroad 希望做某事hope to do sth 希望某人做某事wish sb to do sth 宜人的天气pleasant weather 名胜古迹places of interest 我们去香港旅游的日子the days of our trip to Hongkong
三个半小时three and a half hours= three hours and a half 文化中心cultural centre
二、语法
现在完成时（II）
have/ has been和have/ has gone的用法
? 我们用have/ has been表示某人曾经去过某地，并且已经回来。如： He has been to the Great Wall twice. We have never been to the South Hill.
? 我们用have/ has gone表示某人已经去了某地，但还没回来。如： He has gone to London. He will be back in two weeks.
－Is Tom at home? －No, he isn’t. He has gone to the cinema. 和for或since连用的动词
现在完成时常和for或since引导的表示一段时间的时间状语连用。如： He has been away from China for two years. He has lived in Nanjing since 2010.
注意：在带有一段时间状语的现在完成时的肯定句中，我们要用延续性动词，而不能用短暂
性动词。下面补充一些短暂性动词和延续性动词的转化参考： 短暂性动词 catch a cold 延续性动词 have a cold 现在完成时构成 have had a cold buy open close fall ill fall asleep
have be open be closed be ill be asleep have had have been open have been closed have been ill have been asleep Unit 3
一、词汇
不知道have no idea(=I don’t know) 看起来像?look like?
同意某人agree with sb 打开turn on? 关掉turn off? 换频道change the channel 写作竞赛writing competition 玩游戏play games 搜索信息search for information
收发电子邮件send and receive e-mails 编写电脑程序write computer programs
‘八小时环游地球’'Around the world in eight hours' 发行，问世come out 同时at the same time 主要人物main character 一个十三岁的男孩a thirteen-year-old boy 躺在草地上lie on the grass 看着美丽的蓝天look at the beautiful blue sky 睡着了fall asleep 做了个奇怪的梦have a strange dream 得一分get a point
扮演?角色play the role of? 环游世界travel around the world 在屏幕上on the screen 伦敦博物馆the Museum of London 闯过一关pass a level 世界地图the map of the world 查明，弄清楚find out 卖光，售完sell out
把?打印出来print out 你要买些什么？ Can I help you?/What can I do for you?
个人电脑personal computer 由?地方制造be made in?
考虑?think about? 重新启动计算机restart the computer 把?连到?connect?to? 组织活动organize an activity 日常英语daily English 对?有好处be good for?
请求帮助ask for help 在收音机上收听一个采访listen to an interview on the radio
向?学习?learn ?from? 介意做某事mind doing sth
二、语法
现在完成时（III）
一般过去时和现在完成时的区别
一般过去时和现在完成时都可以表示过去发生的动作，但是在具体的语境中，这两种时态有明显的区别。
一般过去时表示过去某个时间发生的事情或存在的状态，说话的侧重点在陈述过去发生的事情或状态。如：
I went to Beijing last month. Tom was in China in 2008.
