科院2012年写作II第一讲讲义 I. Grammar
In my opinion, the disadvantages of capital punishment are outweigh its advantages for the following reasons. 2. Self-confidence means believe oneself. 3. those people is just putting into prison.
7. I believe capital punishment is need in our society. 8. You can always meet someone have no confidence. 9. Heard the sounds from the door, mother waken up at… 10. Looked me. She was smiled at me 11. 11. So my life in the school is very busy.
12. As the medical and economical developing in China, the aging problem become more and more serious. 13. They are some buyers walk along the street 14. The old man become more and more
15. I think there are many things cause this phenomenon.
16. Second, old people also is a burden to young people when they become older and older. 17. If we try our best to do it, you will succeed. 18. There are too many people lose their job.
19. Nowadays, with the step of life become fast, many people regard children as their burden. 20. When talked about job-hopping, most people will list many disadvantages of it. 21. With more and more college students graduate, more and more job problems come out. 22.The main function of cell phone for us is keep touch with our family and friends. 23. There are also some private universities are well known to people. 24. I think there are a lot of reasons cause day dream. 25. Go into business is a common phenomenon.
26. There are more and more people hope they will be rich.
27. The life in college is more relaxed and less study burden than it in middle school. 28. The one-child policy make babies less and less. II. Tense
1. Maybe sometimes they did some bad things, but I’m sure they are forced to do these. 2. When somebody was thinking without any words, his friend may ask what he was doing. 3. Even if they were told that smoking did harm to health, they would still like to try smoking. III. Run-on sentences
1. But the weather were very bad, it rains heavily.
2. Everything is so good, I can get everything what I want. 3. He is a very kind man, he didn’t scold me.
4. Children serve as a link between parents, they are the fruit of love, having children is necessary. 5. However, reading is indeed beneficial to us, we are encouraged to spend more spare time on reading. IV. SF
1. Because I am very lonely. 2. In the cool fall.
3. As the medical and economical developing in China, the aging problem become more and more serious. 4. As the development of economy 5. If someone only notice his or homework. 6.I have many friend. Such as Lucy and Lily.
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7. Second, The financial stress.
8. Day dreaming, which is different from our dream and goal.
9. Why teenage smoking soars? Because of the surrounding around them, the curiosity of them,… 10. Because they have little working experience.
11. College students going into business for money and experience. V.
1. Those who are indulging in computer games should cast your eyesight to…
2. To sum up, if college students can cope with the above mentioned college stress, you are bound to have a
wonderful college life in one way or another.
3. We should find a suitable way according to your own interests and characters.
4. I guess that almost every person more or less has daydreamed, however, is daydreaming a good habit?
There are two main reasons why I have decided to go to work but not to further my study when I graduate from college. Some of my friends chose to further study abroad. Peter has a rich father and he doesn’t want to work. Mary is a very excellent student in college. I believe she can find the job she likes. Actually, going to work or furthering my study is a very difficult choice for me. I hate to decide.
When Professor Smith returned to the college this fall, we noticed several changes in his appearance. Instead of shoes he wore leather scandals. His hair was combed forward over his forehead. His coats were brighter in color than they used to be. On his upper lip grew a small moustache. He had started wearing heavy eyeglasses with black frames. His trouser legs were narrower than they had been last year. Although he always wore dark neckties last year, now he wore striped bow ties every day.
When people sit down to eat, they unconsciously reveal their personal habits. The color of the food they order indicates their tastes. The texture of the food gives clues to the way that people deal with life situations. Finally, the manner in which people eat their meals reveals their work habits.
The Parts of a Tree
Most of us like to sit under a large tree on a hot day. Children love to climb trees and artists are fond of painting them. When we look at a tree, we may think only of its beauty, but a tree actually has a complex physical structure. The structure of a tree consists of three main parts: the roots, the branches and trunk, and the leaves.
Under the ground, the roots spread out to anchor the tree. As they spread out away from the tree, the main roots become small roots. The root system absorbs water from the soil, and sends it up to the trunk and branches.
Above the ground, the roots form the trunk. The job of the trunk is to support the branches and hold them up to the sunlight. Near the top of the tree, the trunk divides into branches. Together, the trunk and the branches give the tree its shape.
At the top of the tree, the leaves grow out of the branches. The main job of the leaves is to make food for the tree. To do this, the leaves need to receive both sunlight from above and water from below.
Trees are wonderful plants.
Animal Behavior
Behavior is the way that animals act. For example, how do they get food or take care of their young? How do they find a place to live in or protect themselves from danger? Much behavior is innate; that is, animals are born with it. However, animals learn much other behavior. There are several kinds of learned behavior.
One simple type of learned behavior is habituation. This happens when an animal learns to feel comfortable in a new situation and doesn’t pay attention to it any more. For example, young horses are often afraid of noisy streets. But after a while, they learn to pay no attention to the normal sights and sounds of a city.
Another kind of learned behavior is conditioning. It is a way of learning by association—that is, by putting together different ideas. In 1900, Ivan Pavlov, a Russian biologist, studied conditioning in dogs. Dogs innately
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salivate (produce liquid in the mouth) when they smell food. Pavlov rang a bell every time he gave food to a dog. Soon the dog started to associate the sound of the bell with the smell of food. After some time, It salivated when it heard a bell alone, without food.
Learning is important for all animals in a new environment. It allows an animal to be adequate—that is, able to change in a new situation.
Success
No doubt, everybody wishes to be successful in life. But not everyone can win success. The keys to success chiefly include the following fundamental principles: honesty, diligence, devotion and perseverance.
The first key to success is honesty; \if we are a little careless, we may go astray. However, if we take an honest attitude towards our work and study, we shall not fail in life.
The second key to success is diligence, which simply means not wasting time. If we do things diligently, we can overcome ignorance and difficulties and enlighten our minds. Diligence can make a fool wise, and a poor rich. If we don't idle our time away now, we will surely be successful in future.
The third key to success is devotion, which means the concentration of mind and effort in doing something. It is a great force. Whatever job we are doing, we must love it and do it whole-heartedly. Only when we are devoted to our jobs can we do it well. In this way, nothing is too difficult to accomplish.
The final key to success is perseverance, or a strong will. Constancy and perseverance can make success a certainty. If we study or work day after day, there is nothing that cannot be achieved. However, without a strong will, we are likely to give up when we encounter difficulties. In short, a strong will can encourage us to perform wonderful deeds.
To sum up, honesty, diligence, devotion and perseverance are the key factors to success. In my opinion, if we try to be ambitious, aggressive and persistent in our life, we are bound to achieve success in one way or another.
1．College life should be varied and colorful. And extracurricular activities are an important aspect of it. However, at present, there is much room for improvement in this regard. Write an article to the university radio entitled:
The Importance of Extracurricular Activities
In the first part of your article, you should clearly present your view, and in the second part you support your opinion with appropriate details.
In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
2．Some of your classmates think that more pressure from academic studies is not beneficial to students. You either agree or disagree with them.
More Pressure from Academic Studies Does
(Or Does No) Good To Us
You are to write in three paragraphs.
In the first paragraph, state clearly what your view is. In the second paragraph, support your view with details.
In the last paragraph, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion with a summary or suggestion. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks. Posssible title: More Pressure from Academic Studies Does Good To Us
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More Pressure from Academic Studies
Does No Good To Us
3．Nowadays people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of health. And they have
different ways to stay healthy. For example, some exercise every day; others try to keep a balanced diet. What do you think is the best way to stay healthy?
The Best Way to Stay Healthy
You are to write in three parts.
In the first part, state what you think is the best way.
In the second part, support your view with one or two reasons.
In the last part, bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriacy. Failure to follow the above instructions may result in a loss of marks.
4．Note writing
Your classmate, Jimmy, is head of the university’s swimming club. He has invited you to join the club, but you like some other sport. Write him a note, declining his invitation and explaining why. Marks will be awarded for content, organization, grammar and appropriateness.
I. In the following introductory paragraphs, the sentences are in incorrect order. Rewrite each paragraph on a separate sheet of paper, beginning with the most general statement first. Then add each sentence in correct order, from the next most general to the least general. Finally, write the thesis statement last.
1. (1) Therefore, workaholics’ lifestyles can affect their families, social lives, and health. (2) Because they work so many hours, workaholics may not spend enough time in leisure activities. (3) Nowadays, many men and women work in law, accounting, real estate, and business. (4) These people are serious about becoming successful; they work long hours during the week and even on weekends, so they are called “workaholics.”
2. (1) Therefore, anyone who wants to drive must carry a driver’s license. (2) It is divided into four steps: studying the traffic laws, taking the written test, learning to drive, and taking the driving test. (3) Getting a driver’s license is a complicated process. (4) Driving a car is a necessity in today’s busy society, and it is also a special privilege. 3. (1) During this period, children separate themselves from their parents and become independent. (2) Teenagers express their separateness most vividly in their choice of clothes, hairstyles, music, and vocabulary. (3) The teenage years between childhood and adulthood are a period of growth and separation.
II.Look at some thesis statements. Then you think out some topic sentences for the supporting body paragraphs. Remember to begin each topic sentence with an order-of-importance or additional idea transition signal. (first, second, then, next, after that, finally, furthermore, also, in addition, moreover, besides, etc.)
? ? ? ?
1. Young people who live at home have several advantages. 2. Owning a car is a necessity for several reasons. 3. Women are superior to men in several ways.
Thesis statements for logical division of ideas A basic pattern for essay is logical division of ideas. In this pattern, you divide your topics into subtopics and then discuss each subtopic in a separate paragraph.
1. The TS of a logical division essay often indicates the number of subtopics.
e.g. Native Americans have made valuable contributions to modern U.S. culture in four main areas. e.g. Inflation has three causes. 4
