出来。幸运的是，不合逻辑的生活不是唯一的选择;因为任性可以恰好可以击破常规。习惯是必要的;养成各种习惯已经是人类的习惯，将一条小道变成压出车辙小路，只要一个人还活着就必须永不停歇地与它斗争。 不管是疾病，甚至是对死敌感到懊悔，只要一个人不惧怕改变、有永不满足的求知欲、对很多东西都感兴趣、能以一些方式获得快乐他就可以不被通常使人崩溃的东西所击倒。在整理和设定我的记忆的过程中我已经了解到，这些能力通常是相对于一个人的优点而独立存在的，我能拥有我的快乐的晚年是碰巧从先人的身上继承了这些特质。
12． A good book is often the best urn of a life enshrining the best that life could think out; for the world of a man’s life is, for the most part, but the world of his thoughts. Thus the best books are treasuries of good words, the golden thoughts which, remembered and cherished, become our constant companions and comforters. The good and true thought may in times of temptation be as an angel of mercy purifying and guarding the soul. It also enshrines the germs of action, for good words almost always inspire to good works.
一本好书通常是最好的骨灰盒的人生将最好的人生能想到,世界一个人的生命,在大多数情况下,但他的思想世界。因此,最好的书是金玉良言和崇高思想的金色的想法,铭记于心并多加珍视,就会成为我们忠实的伴侣和永恒的慰藉。
“真”和“善认为可能面临诱惑的时候像仁慈的天使一样,纯洁并保卫我们的灵魂。优美纯真的思想也蕴育着行动的胚芽,因为金玉良言几乎总会启发善行
Books introduce us into the best society; they bring us into the presence of the greatest minds that have ever lived. We hear what they said and did; we see them as if they were really alive; we sympathize with them, enjoy with them, grieve with them; their experience becomes ours, and we feel as if we were in a measure acting with them in the scenes which they describe.
书籍介绍我们最好的社会,他们带给我们最伟大的思想的存在。我们听到他们说,什么;我们看到他们,仿佛他们是真的活着,我们 13 / 21
同情他们,享受与他们,与他们伤心,他们变成了我们的经验,我们觉得好像我们在衡量代理在他们所描述的场景
13． Now, the beloved can also be of any description. The most outlandish people can be the stimulus for love. A man may be a doddering great-grandfather and still love only a strange girl he saw in the streets of Cheehaw one afternoon two decades past. The preacher may love a fallen woman. The beloved may be treacherous, greasy-headed, and given to evil habits. Yes, and the lover may see this as clearly as anyone else—but that does not affect the evolution of his love one whit. A most mediocre person can be the object of a love which is wild, extravagant, and beautiful as the poison lilies of the swamp. A good man may be the stimulus for a love both violent and debased, or a jabbering madman may bring about in the soul of someone a tender and simple idyll. Therefore, the value and quality of any love is determined solely by the lover himself. 网：
当然，被爱者也同样可能是任何类型的人。最怪异的人可能会激起爱的涟漪。一位步履蹒跚的曾祖父可能依旧爱恋着二十年前的一个下午在街头见到的一位陌生女郎。一位牧师也许会爱上一个堕落的女人。被爱者也可能不忠，贪婪，有不良嗜好。的确，施爱者对此可能像其他人一样了解得一清二楚。但是，这丝毫不影响他的爱情的进展。一个很平凡的人可能成为一个疯狂、放纵而美丽的爱的对象，就像沼泽地里的毒百合；一个善良的人可能激发起一种粗暴而有损人格的爱；一个语无伦次的疯子也可能使某个人充满温柔而纯朴的浪漫情怀。因此，任何一种爱的价值和品质只能取决于施爱者本身。
14． In this fable are presented the disposition, and the fortunes too, of those persons who from consciousness either of beauty or some other gift with which nature
unaided by any industry of their own has graced them, fall in love as it were with themselves. For with this state of mind there is commonly joined an indisposition to appear much in public or engage in business; because business
would expose them to many neglects and scorns, by which their minds would be dejected and troubled. Therefore they commonly live a solitary, private, and shadow life; with a small circle of chosen companions, all devoted admirers, who assent like an echo to everything they say, and entertain them with mouth-homage; till being by such habits gradually depraved and puffed up, and besotted at last with self-admiration, they fall into such a sloth and listlessness that they grow utterly stupid, and lose all vigor and alacrity. And it was a beautiful thought to choose the flower of spring as an emblem of characters like this:
characters which in the opening of their career flourish and are talked of, but disappoint in maturity the promise of their youth. The fact too that this flower is sacred to the infernal deities contains an allusion to the same thing. For men of this disposition turn out utterly useless and good for
nothing whatever; and anything that yields no fruit, but like the way of a ship in the sea passes and leaves no trace, was by the ancients held sacred to the shades and infernal gods. 网
尔辈自觉造化赋予美貌，或别具天赋，故不假自身勤奋，煞有介事自怜自爱，此辈中人性情命运，预言之中暴露无遗。如此心境者，每每无意出现于大庭广众之下，或以营生为务；因营生未免多受冷落鄙夷，怀抱如此心境则沮丧烦恼。故尔辈一生独来独往，与世暌离，黯然无光；交游挑剔，门户狭隘，彼此五体投地，一呼众和，同声相应，口角春风应酬同好；习性相染，久而久之，品性沦丧，趾高气扬，最终沉迷于自我崇拜，坠入懒散萎靡之境地，从而变得绝顶愚蠢，活力锐气丧失殆尽；以春天水仙为同类性格之标志，堪称绝妙，事业开创之际一帆风顺，为人称道，风华正茂时豪情满怀，盛年时则俱为泡影。水仙成为冥府之祭品，寓意亦在于斯。如此性情者，终于毫无用处，一无所能；凡事无所结果，有如沧海行舟，飘然而过，不留痕迹，古人遂奉为阴魂与地狱神明。
15． Further reading and thinking, though they brought this vague inclination into more reasonable bounds, only served to make it more decided.
I visited various parts of my own country; and had been merely a lover of fine scenery, I should have felt little desire to seek elsewhere its gratification, for on no country have the charms of nature been more prodigally lavished. Her mighty lakes like oceans of liquid silver; her mountains with their bright aerial tints; her valleys, teeming with wild fertility; her tremendous cataracts, thundering in their solitudes; her boundless plains, waving with spontaneous verdure; her broad deep rivers, rolling in solemn silence to the ocean; her trackless forests, where vegetation puts forth all its magnificence; her skies, kindling with the magic of summer clouds and glorious sunshine, —no, never need an American look beyond his own country for the sublime and beautiful of natural scenery.
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进一步的阅读和思考，尽管他们使这种模糊的爱更合理，这只会让它更坚决。我曾经游历过故国各地，只不过是秀丽风景的一个爱好者。我本应想要去别处寻找惊喜，没有任何一个地方可以比得上大自然的瑰丽丰饶。广阔的湖泊，象是银波闪耀的海洋，崇山峻岭，铺上空灵爽朗的色彩；深邃的峡谷，繁茂的草木，鸟兽众多；激荡的瀑布在寂静的荒原中轰鸣而下；无边的平原，连绵起伏，蓊蓊郁郁；深厚宽阔的河流，浩浩荡荡，无声无息地奔流如海；人迹罕至的森林，处处显露着豪爽的景观；夏日的天空，云朵变幻莫测，阳光灿烂；——不，一个美国人永远不必去国外寻找宏伟壮丽的美景！ 16．每个人对于社会来说，都是一个单独的个体。所以，都有其单独的一面，这就是个性。这就好比是把萝卜、白菜、土豆放在一起，但是各有各的形状、颜色、味道一样。在五颜六色的世界里，红色绚 烂耀眼、绿色充满希望、黄色象征收获、白色圣洁无暇、黑色深沉庄重；在中医学的五行中，水主肾、木主肝、火主心、土主脾、金主肺……任何一个事物，都有它的属性，都有别的事物所不能同时具备的方面。拿自己的个性与别人相比，就会觉得自身的存在与独特，就不会觉得被别人忽略、就会更加清楚地认识到自己。
王维东：
A comparison of different personalities, for instance, may be helpful. Each member of society is unique with his or her own individual character. This is easy to understand, for even when carrots, cabbages and potatoes are placed together, they nonetheless vary in shape, color and taste. In a world of spectrum like ours, red is passionately bright, green the color of hope, yellow that of an autumn harvest, white of impeccable purity and black, profound solemnity. According to the traditional Chinese medical theory of the “five elements,” water governs the kidney, wood the liver, fire the heart, earth the spleen, and metal the lung – each of these possesses a certain attribute unshared by any other. When you compare your own personality with a fellow human’s, you will find that you are an irreplaceable existence indeed. That will prevent you from feeling neglected and helps construct a more positive image of yourself.
17．早些年我也痴过，觉得为神圣的事物，每个人都应该去痴一把。现在我才知道，真到了―痴‖的份上，也是一种坑人害己，是一种大苦。读书要是读得痴了，就成了傻子，整天和人家抬杠较真，不识时务。看歌星、看影星看得多了，也要犯痴了，整天傻乎乎的追着人家屁股后面，追星族一旦到了―痴‖的分上，就让人难以忍受。球迷看球看成了痴人，就落入了苦恼，就生气，就摔自己家的东西。甚至打老婆，骂孩子撒邪火。如果挣钱，挣到了痴的份上，就会忘了法律，结果什么都想干。据对监狱犯人的统计，如今许多经济犯罪，都是到了一种―痴‖的程度，忘了自己是在犯罪。生活中，人是不能太痴的。痴了就固执，就傻，就迷，就出错。世上再好的事，也应该有张有弛，劳逸结合。而痴是一种极限，很多人到了―痴‖的程度，也就到了生命的极限。如今很多猝死，累死，不知怎么就死了的人，都是和―痴‖有关。 王维东：
In my early years I myself used to be such a person, taking it for granted that a man ought to stake
everything on a so-called “noble” occupation. Now I realize that such wishful thinking only brings huge suffering to others as well as myself. A priggish bookworm makes a nuisance of him- or herself by squabbling all the time without regard to discretion or propriety. Fans of singing or movie stars become unbearable if they keep on pestering their idols. A football fan easily gets peevish with frustration,
smashing household articles, beating his wife or even “letting off steam” on his children. Then there are those who can go to any lengths in their scramble for money, giving no heed to the laws. According to prison statistics, many of today’s economic crimes stem from such a crazy sense of restlessness as seizes those go-getters, making them unaware of their wrongdoing. In our life, we should never be carried away with fond fantasies. Otherwise, we will become stubborn, foolish, befuddled and erratic. Even the finest things in the world should be approached with moderation. Work is enjoyable only if it alternates with leisure. Unbridled craze is a lethal drug - if we become addicted to it, we will reach the limit of our
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lives too soon. Not a few people nowadays die suddenly, from overwork or without any apparent reason, largely because of such frenzy.
18．说得简单形象一点，婚姻就是一种所有权权属证明。双方均可以拿着结婚证向全世界的人证明拥有了对对方的某些专有权利，而全世界的人都有不侵犯此类权利的义务。但这种所有权与其他物权所有权却有着本质区别。一般的物权所有权所指向的对象是物，物没有生命、没有思想、很听主人的话，所以只要主人不主动放弃，物权就永远属于主人。但婚姻中的所有权所指向的却是人，人有生命、有思想、很不听主人的话，当婚姻有第三者介入时，虽然第三者不可能在法律上以自己的名义提出解除婚姻双方的权利义务，但这第三者却可诱惑其中一方提出这样的要求，从而达到解除原婚姻双方的权利与义务的目的。因此，在婚姻关系中，我们似乎得到了一些利益，拥有了某类特权，但这些权利却从来没有真正操纵在我们手中。
王维东：Marriage is, metaphorically but simply put,
the evidence of an ownership right—a certificate with which the engaged couple show the world that, from a particular date onward, they can claim a kind of monopoly on each other, sharable by none outside the union. Yet this exclusive ownership is
fundamentally different from the title to ordinary goods. Those goods are lifeless and thoughtless, whose destiny is to be ordered around by their owners; so long as the latter do not abandon them, their affiliation will remain unchanged. By contrast, the ownership right in a marriage involves two humans with no lack of vital energy, brainwaves or unruliness. When a third party moves in, he or she can well induce one party to the marriage to demand dissolution of the obligations that have been existing between the married couple, although he or she is in no position to do so him-or herself. Thus it is apparent that whereas we seem to have derived benefits and privileges from a marriage, we never really maintain a firm grip on them.
19．美国的许多日常生活细节，在中国是很难想象的。比如，我家边上的图书馆为鼓励孩子阅读，奖励每阅读了十个小时的孩子一本书。我女儿每天卡着表算自己的
阅读时间，一到十个小时就去领一本。国内的亲友听了不可思议：你去告诉人家十个小时就是十个小时吗？要在国内，大家还不竞相虚报，书早领完了？其实何止于此。如今网上商业活跃，我从亚马逊网上订的几十美元的书籍，邮递员往门口一放就走，根本不用签收。有一次我没有收到，给公司打个电话，人家二话不说，马上再补寄。你真要谎报丢失，实在是易如反掌。但是，显然干这种事情的人很少。这种市场经济的效率，是建立在―德‖上。你真要追求个人的最大利益，收到了就说没收到。可是，如果大家都这么做，就逼着公司用挂号邮件来执行邮寄业务，成本一下子就上去了。
20．渔民捕鲫鱼、刀鱼和河豚鱼用的都是同样一张网，形状很像排球网，渔民把网拦在江河中，让鱼钻到网眼中去。鲫鱼头小身子大，头钻过去后身子就过不去了，这时鲫鱼只要往后一退，就能逃脱而去。但由于鲫鱼爱惜鱼鳞，死不后退，就被渔民捕获了。刀鱼看到鲫鱼被捕后，心想这家伙真笨，向后退一下不就行了吗？于是刀鱼穿过网眼后就迅速后退，结果两边的鱼鳍卡在了网上，其实这时候刀鱼只要继续向前就能穿网击去了，但它吸取鲫鱼被抓住的教训，拼命后退，终于也被渔民捕获，河豚看到它们被抓，心想你们真笨，碰到网只要不前进也不后退，不就不会被抓住了吗？于是河豚碰到网后就拼命给自己打气，把自己胀得圆鼓鼓的，结果飘到江面上被渔民轻而易举地捕获到了。
The fishermen catch carp, saury and globefish using the same net shaped like volleyball net which is thrown into the water to get fish. Carp has a small head and comparatively big body, so when its head gets into one of the holes of the net, it can easily escape by drawing back; but it loves its scales so much that it never retreats, and thus it is captured by the fishermen. Seeing how the carp gets caught, Saury thinks it too stupid not drawing back. Saury moves
backward immediately after it gets into one of the holes of net, but its fish fins on both sides of its body get stuck in the net. At this time, saury can escape by going ahead and breaking the net. However, it learns the lesson from carp so well that it retreats hardly and at last gets caught by the fishermen. Seeing all this, globefish thinks both carp and saury are stupid because they would not get captured if they stay not moving when touching the net. As a result,
globefish inflates itself greatly once it touches the net and float on the surface of the river only to be caught easily by the fishermen.
21．小时候听到这个故事只觉得很好玩，现在再回忆起来，觉得是如此地深奥，让人回味无穷。人就像上面那三种长江鱼一样，常常被自己的习惯和天性害死，却根本就不知道错在哪里；常常能够清楚地看到别人的错误，却永远也找不到自己的弱点；常常为了避免重蹈别
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人的覆辙，结果却蹈入了另外一个更致命的错误中。人类似乎永远也逃不出陷阱与宿命。如今爷爷去世十多年了，但是我现在才开始明白爷爷讲完故事后那迷茫和痛苦的眼神，究竟包含着什么内容。 但我们总要生活下去，要逃避陷阱和宿命，并且要尽可能地比前人生活得更好。我想起苏格拉底的一句话：认识你自己！是啊！让我们认识自己的劣根性，认识自己的局限性，认识自己及其它动物和植物生命的神圣性,认识人类的爱心和仁慈的重要性。我们一定要认识到：只有自己编织的网能把自己捕获。因此,我们做任何事情都小心一点,收敛一点,不要给自己编织一张无形的致命大网。 http://www.en84.com/article-7086-2.html原文
When I first heard the story, it only struck me as amusing. Thinking back, I see how profound it is and how I love to chew on it even today. Like those Yangtze fish, humans are often driven to their doom, by habit or by natural
inclination, without knowing what has gone wrong at all. They can easily find faults with others, but will forever have trouble recognizing their own inadequacies. After running all around trying not to fall into the rut of fellow humans, they often end up making worse, more tragic mistakes. It seems as if we are unable yet to escape the traps set by fate. It has been about a dozen years since my grandpa passed away, but only now am I beginning to understand the perplexed, woeful look on his face when he finished telling the story. Yet life has to go on. We must try to avoid those traps and pursue a better life than our predecessors. At this moment, a Socratic motto came to mind: ―Know yourselves, men.‖ Yes, dear friends, let‘s awaken now to our own frailties and limitations. Life is sacred, be it a plant, an animal or a human. May be trust human love and keep our compassion alive. We could get caught in a mesh only of our own making. Such an enlightened view may help foster modesty and reduce arrogance deep inside us, preventing us from creating an invisible huge net to entrap ourselves fatally
22目前美国的所谓―人文教育‖的理念，在中国颇有些鼓吹者。但―人文教育‖后面还有体育这一层。体育是学习人生的最好手段。体育和人生的关系，如同数学和科学的关系一样，因为体育能够把人生中千变万化的现象，抽象为几个最简单的规则。不管你干什么专业，你总得和人相处、竞争，总会有成有败，有领先或落后的时刻，总有如何对待对手和―裁判‖的问题。在这些境遇中如何自处，体育都会教给你。现在学者动不动讲的―游戏规则‖，就是从体育里来的。不过，我们的读书人，喜欢坐在书斋里高谈―游戏规则‖，人家则要求孩子从小去玩，去亲身体会。大家在运动场上真动手脚时，早就知道规矩在哪里。在这个意义上，体育是一国制度的文化基础。再看看我们的一些书生。他们不理解人文教育是干什么的，知道的就是国家把我们作为精英挑出
