Module 2 重点：宾语从句
宾语从句---谓语动词后面的宾语是一个句
子时，这个充当宾语的句子就是宾语从句，简称为宾从。
如：He says (that) he is a teacher.
宾语从句
宾从前面的是主句，主句+从句=复合句。 主句：He says
从句：(that) he is a teacher
复合句：He says (that) he is a teacher.
宾语从句分为3类：
1. 陈述句（肯定句和否定句）由that 引导，that 可以省略。
结构：主句 + (that) +陈述句.
如：I hope (that) it will snow this winter.
I hear (that) you don’t feel well today . 2．一般疑问句由if/whether(是否) 引导，一般疑问句要改为陈述句的语序，即把原来提前到句首的动词还原到主语后面。
结构：主句 + if/whether + 一般疑问句
（改为陈述句语序）
如：Will they go fishing? He asks …
He asks if/whether they will go fishing. 注意：
以Do/Does/Did开头的一般疑问句边陈述句时，要把它们去掉。去掉does后，谓语动词要变第三人称单数形式；去掉did后, 谓语动词后要变过去式。如： Do you get up at 7?
---Can you tell me if you get up at 7? Does she get up at 7?
---Can you tell me if she gets up at 7? Did she get up at 7 this morning?
--- Can you tell me if she got up at 7 this morning?
if和whether的区别：
whether后可以加or not, if后面不可以加or not。如：
I don’t know whether he will come or not.
3.特殊疑问句 由其疑问词引导，剩下部分也
要改为陈述句的语序。 结构：
主句 + 疑问词 + 特殊疑问句剩下部分（改为陈述句语序）如：
Why are you late? I want to know … I want to know why you are late.
宾语从句的时态：
1.如果主句是一般现在时，从句不用改时态。 如：He says he likes football. Can you tell me what you did last night? I want to know if it will rain tomorrow.
2. 如果主句是一般过去时，从句要改为其相应的过去的某种时态。如：
1）从句是现在进行时，要改为过去进行时 如：He is studying. He said … --He said he was studying.
2）从句是一般现在时，要改为一般过去时 如：He likes football. He told me … -- He told me (that) he liked football. 3) 从句是一般将来时, 要改为过去将来时
如：They will go to the park. They said… --They said they would go to the park. 4）从句是现在完成时, 要改为过去完成时 如： He has visited Beijing. He said… --He said he had visited Beijing.
3. 当宾从表示的是一个客观真理时，即使主句是过去时，从句也用一般现在时。
My father told me (that) the sun rises in the east.
Our teacher said (that) the earth moves around the sun.
4. 当主句是Could/Would you tell me时，
表示委婉的请求，不是过去式，所以从句不用改时态。如：
Would/Could you tell me where the post
office is? 5. 句末的标点由主句决定。当主句是陈述句时，句末用句号；当主句是疑问句时，句末用问号。
I don’t know what his name is.
