【创新设计】（四川专用 教师用书）2015届英语高考总复习 语言基础知识 考点归纳拓展 Module 2 The Renaissance 外研版选修8
[核 心 单 词]
effect n．效果；作用；影响
[经典例句]Her research has led her to find out two clearly different mind-sets that have a great effect on how we react to it.(2012·全国卷Ⅱ·阅读理解E)
她的研究已经使她发现了两个明显不同的心态，这两种心态对我们如何去应对它有很大影响。
have an effect on/upon 对……产生影响 bring/put...into effect 实行，实施，使生效 come into effect 开始生效，开始实施 take effect 见效，生效，实施
in effect实际上；(规律、法律)有效，在实行中
①The new tax law will not take effect until January.新税法到1月份才生效。 ②This Regulation will ________ from September 1, 2014.本章程自2014年9月1日起施行。
答案 ②come into effect
blame n．过失；责备vt.责备；谴责；把……归咎于
[经典例句]You can't blame others unless you start with yourself.(2012·天津·完形填空)
在责备他人之前请先自省。
(1)blame sb for sth 因某事而责备某人 blame sth on sb 把某事怪到某人头上 be to blame (for sth) (因某事)应受指责；应负责任 (2)take the blame 承担责任 lay/put the blame for sth on sb 把某事归咎于某人
①It is believed that more than one person may be to blame for the mine accident. 大家认为许多人都对这次矿井事故负有责任。
②If you fail the exam you'll only put the blame on yourself.你若考试不及格，
只能怪自己。
③We were ready to ____________ what had happened.我们准备对所发生的事承担责任。
答案 ③take the blame for
名师点睛 在be to blame (for)短语中，不定式用主动语态表示被动含义。 语境巧记
He was blamed for the accident，but he blamed it on others.In fact，it is he，rather than others，that is to blame for it.
他因这次事故而受责备，但他把它归咎于别人。实际上，是他而不是别人该为此承担责任。
[集 训 中 心]
Ⅰ.单词拼写
1．B________，it's all a question of upbringing. 2．He has had some d________experiences.
3．I spent the afternoon reading under the s________ of an umbrella. 4．This kind of material is a good s________ for leather. 5．It's a great city—the only ________(不利因素)is the weather. 6．He left the teaching ________(职业)to set up his own business.
7．He ________(猛冲) out of the house and went as quickly as possible to the riverside.
8．What she said sounded convincing, but I ________(怀疑) it to be a lie. 答案 1.Basically 2.disturbing 3.shade 4.substitute 5．drawback 6.profession 7.dashed 8.suspected Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2014·天津六校三模)For years, scientists have been worried about the ________ of air pollution on the earth's natural conditions.
A．effect B．result C．account D．cause
答案 A [句意：许多年来，科学家们一直担心空气污染对地球的自然环境带来的影响。effect“影响”；result“结果”；account“叙述；账目”；cause“原因；事业”。根据句意及on可知此处为effect。]
2．(2014·资阳一诊)I feel it is your husband who ________ for the spoiled child. A．is to blame B．is going to blame C．is to be blamed D．should blame
答案 A [本句是强调句型，强调的是句子的主语。be to blame表示“(对坏事)负有
责任”。blame通常用主动形式表示被动意义。根据句子的时态可知应用is to blame。]
3．(2014·安徽合肥一中)As we all know, the present world financial crisis still has a negative________ on the development of the economy of every country.
A．contribution B．effect C．effort D．stress
答案 B [句意：正如我们所知道的，目前世界性的经济危机仍然对每个国家的经济发展有消极影响。have an effect on“对……有影响”。contribution“贡献”；effort“努力”；stress“压力”。]
Ⅲ.单句改错
1．They walked off and left me sit alone.________.
2．It is they that should be to blamed for their stupid mistakes in the work.________.
答案 1.sit―→sitting 2.blamed―→blame
[核 心 短 语]
leave behind 把……抛在后面
[经典例句]If you ask the fast runner to set the pace, then most of them will be left behind.
如果你让跑得最快的人来定速度，那么他们中的大多数人都将落后。 leave sb/sth alone 不要干涉某人/某事 leave sb/sth＋n./adj./v.-ing/p.p./to do/ 介词短语 使/让……保持某种状态 leave aside 搁置一边
①He's in a bad mood right now. We'd better leave him alone.他现在情绪很糟，我们最好不要打搅他。
②I've told you to __________. 我已经告诉过你不可动我的东西。
③Leaving the expense aside, do we actually need a second car？且不说费用多少，我们真的还需要一辆二手汽车吗？
答案 ②leave my things untouched on behalf of代表
[经典例句]On behalf of my colleagues and myself I thank you. 我代表我的同事和我本人向你表示感谢。 on behalf of sb＝on one's be half 代表某人，为某人的利益
in behalf of sb＝in one's behalf 代表某人，为某人的利益 represent/ stand for 代表
①We collected money in behalf of the homeless. 我们为帮助无家可归者而募捐。
②In the Western countries, “V” often ________ victory.在西方国家，“V”通常代表胜利。
答案 ②stands for
[集 训 中 心]
Ⅰ.选词填空
depend on； on behalf of； take up； get tired of； leave behind； be thirsty for
1．Whether or not we go on a picnic ________ the weather. 2．We are ________ news about holidays.
3．He set off in a hurry，________ the key ________. 4．________ all the workers, I welcome you to our factory.
5．More and more people are beginning to ________ a sport and take exercise regularly.
6．Tell me if you ________ driving and we'll change over.
答案 1.depends on 2.thirsty for 3.leaving；behind 4.On behalf of 5.take up 6.get tired of
Ⅱ.单项填空
1．(2013·辽宁)________ everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.
A．By means of B．On behalf of C．In search of D．For fear of
答案 B [考查介词短语辨析。句意：我代表这里所有的人祝你回国旅途愉快。A项“通过……方法”；B项“代表”；C项“寻找”；D项“唯恐，害怕”。]
2．(2014·绵阳一诊)—A second，please. I have another call coming through. —________. I'm not in a hurry. A．Enjoy yourself B．Leave me alone C．Do as you like D．Take your time
答案 D [考查情景交际。句意：稍待片刻，我又有一个电话打进来了。别慌，我并不着急。take one's time别慌，慢慢来。enjoy yourself慢慢享用；leave me alone别管
