◆The house needs repairing/to be repaired. 这房子需要修理。
(2)在某些“主语(人/物)＋be＋形容词＋不定式”中不定式的主动形式表示被动意义。这些形容词有nice, easy, fit, hard, difficult, important, impossible, pleasant, interesting等。
◆The problem is difficult to work out. 这道题很难计算出。
(2016·四川高考语法填空)The giant panda ____________ (love) by people throughout the world.
is loved 解析：句意：大熊猫深受世界各国人民的喜爱。根据语境可知，此空应使用一般现在时描述客观事实。主语The giant panda与动词love是动宾关系，应使用被动语态，故答案为is loved。
单句语法填空/单句改错
1．(2016·全国卷丙语法填空)Truly elegant chopsticks might ____________ (make) of gold and silver with Chinese characters.
be made 解析：句子的主语chopsticks与谓语make之间是被动关系，由设空处前的情态动词might可知，此处是含有情态动词的被动语态，其结构是：情态动词＋be＋及物动词的过去分词，因此应填be made。
2．(2015·广东高考语法填空)He sold or exchanged some of the milk in the towns nearby for other food and made cheese and butter for the family with what____________ (leave)．
was left 解析：句意：除去卖掉的和换其他食物的牛奶，剩下的他就用来制作奶酪和黄油。这里what was left是一个宾语从句，根据句意可知用被动语态。
3．(2017·石家庄调研)In our high school, everything ____________ (record) and graded, including your grades on quizzes, tests and examinations.
is recorded 解析：everything和谓语record之间构成逻辑上的动宾关系，且此处表示一般性的描述，故用一般现在时的被动语态，即is recorded。
4．(2015·安徽高考单项填空)It is reported that a space station ____________ (build) on the moon in years to come.
will be built 解析：句意：据报道，未来几年里将在月球上建造一个空间站。根据时间状语in years to come可知，“建造空间站”是将来的动作，设空处需用一般将来时；宾语从句的主语a space station与build之间是被动关系，因此需用一般将来时的被动语态。
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5．(2015·全国卷Ⅰ短文改错)Lots of studies have been shown that global warming has already become a very serious problem.____________________
去掉been 解析：主语studies和谓语show是逻辑上的主谓(主动)关系，句意强调“很多研究表明??”，故应该使用主动语态。
Ⅰ 单句语法填空
1．(2015·广东高考语法填空)While making great efforts to run away, she ____________ (fall) over the hill and died.
fell 解析：根据后边并列的谓语动词died，可以确定此处用一般过去时。
2．(2017·浙江杭州二模)I ____________ (watch) TV alone in the living room when I suddenly heard a crack upstairs.
was watching 解析：句意：我正一个人在起居室里看电视，这时楼上突然传来了崩裂的声音。sb. be doing sth. when?为固定句型，意为“某人正在做某事时，突然??”，再由从句中的谓语动词heard可知，主句应用过去进行时。故填was watching。
3．(2017·辽宁朝阳月考)It is the first time that I ____________ (enjoy) this kind of moon cake.
have enjoyed 解析：句意：这是我第一次吃这种月饼。在“It/This/That is/was the first/second/?time＋(that)从句”中，如果主句用一般现在时，从句常用现在完成时。故填have enjoyed。
4．(2017·江西南昌一模)At a young age ，he ____________ (move) to Spain and now plays professionally for the FC Barcelona.
moved 解析：根据时间状语At a young age可知，此处表示过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。
5．(重庆高考单项填空)You’d better write down her phone number before you ____________ (forget) it.
forget 解析：句意：趁你没忘记，你最好把她的电话号码记下来。before引导时间状语从句，从句中常用一般现在时代替一般将来时。故填forget。
6．(2017·广东佛山二模)In 2006, I ____________ (feel) I needed a new challenge so I decided to take a film－making course.
felt 解析：句意：在2006年，我觉得我需要一个新的挑战，因此我决定修一门电影制作的课程。根据时间状语In 2006可知，应用一般过去时。故填felt。
7．(2017·浙江杭州五校联考)According to Charles Keeling, the amount of carbon dioxide ____________ (increase) sharply and steadily over the forty years between 1957 and 1997.
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increased 解析：句意：根据查尔斯·基林的说法，在1957年和1997年之间的40年里，二氧化碳的含量急剧而持续地增加。该句时间状语为between 1957 and 1997，表示过去的时间，故该句要用一般过去时。故填increased。
8．(山东高考单项填空)They made up their mind that they____________ (buy) a new house once Larry changed jobs.
would buy 解析：句意：他们下定决心一旦Larry换了工作，他们将买套新房子。在that引导的同位语从句中，once引导的条件状语从句用一般过去时表示过去将来时，主句用过去将来时。
9．(2015·天津高考单项填空)Despite the previous rounds of talks, no agreement ____________ (reach) so far by the two sides.
has been reached 解析：句意：尽管经过了前几轮的商讨，到目前为止双方仍没有达成一致意见。句中的so far是现在完成时的时间标志短语，agreement与reach之间是被动关系，因此用现在完成时的被动语态。
10．(2017·河北邯郸模拟)It’s true that our future ____________ (determine) by many things.
is determined 解析：句意：我们的未来是由很多东西决定的，这是真的。根据句意可知，此处应用一般现在时；且our future和determine之间是被动关系，故用被动语态。
11．(2015·湖北高考完成句子)The professor was delighted to find that two thirds of the project ____________ (finish) by the students independently.
had been finished 解析：根据主句中的“was delighted to find”可知，其后从句表示的“三分之二的工程已经被完成了”应用过去完成时的被动语态。
12．(2017·湖南衡阳一中月考)When some waste chemicals ____________ (put) into the sea, it can hurt or kill animals and fish.
are put 解析：句意：当一些废弃的化学品被投进海里时，会伤害或杀死动物和鱼类。主语some waste chemicals与动词put之间是被动关系，应用被动语态；根据主句时态可知，从句应用一般现在时。
Ⅱ 单句改错
1．(2017·湖北八校联考)My hobby is collecting stamps. I had stamps from many countries, like England, Canada, China and other countries.____________________
had→have 解析：根据上一句中的is可知，此处讲述的是现在的事情，应用一般现在时，故将had改为have。
2．(2016·全国卷丙短文改错)At first, I thought I knew?However, my parents didn’t seem to think so. They always tell me what to do and how to do it.____________________
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tell→told 解析：此处表示他们总是告诉我做什么及如何做。根据上下文语境可知，文章主体时态为一般过去时，故应将tell改为told。
3．(2016·全国卷乙短文改错)Though not very big, the restaurant is popular in our area. It is always crowded with customers at meal times. Some people even had to wait outside. ____________________
had→have 解析：此处表示到了吃饭的时间，餐馆里总是坐满了人。有一些人甚至不得不在餐馆外候餐。根据语境可知，应使用一般现在时态。故had应改为have。
4．(2017·湖南师大附中月考)When I was in Senior Grade One, I planned to give my closest friend Lily a big surprise on her birthday party and make careful preparations. ____________________
make→made 解析：and连接两个并列的谓语动词，planned和made。
5．(2017·安徽六校联考)The most exciting moment was when Mother put a big birthday cake on the table and all my friends begin to sing Happy
Birthday.____________________
begin→began 解析：and连接两个并列分句，根据前一分句中的put可知，后一分句也应用一般过去时。故将begin改为began。
6．(2017·山西太原五中月考)I have told one more worker will be needed this year and I think you are fit for it.____________________
have后加been 解析：句意：我被告知今年还需要一名工人，我认为你很适合这份工作。由语境可知，此处指“被告知”，应用现在完成时的被动语态，故在have后加been。
7．(2017·河北邯郸一模)It has been a long time since we meet in China last time.____________________
meet→met 解析：根据时间状语last time可知，“见面”是发生在过去的动作，应用一般过去时。
8．(2017·浙江杭州二中月考)Every time my father finds me listening to rock music, he always shouted, “Shut it off. It’s awful！”____________________
shouted→shouts 解析：根据Every time my father finds?和always可知应用一般现在时，故将shouted改为shouts。
9．(2017·山东青岛模拟)What’s more, thousands of tourists from the world came here every year, which is really splendid.____________________
came→come 解析：根据时间状语every year及从句为一般现在时可知，主句应用一般现在时，故将came改为come。
10．(安徽高考)After school we went to the reading－room to do some reading, only to be told that it was decorated.____________________
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was后加being 解析：根据语境可知，是“正在装修，尚未完成”，因此用过去进行时。
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